The History Of Human Origins

HOW DO PEOPLE CHANGE?

Parrots, like humans, are mammals. About ten to twelve million years ago, the descendants of the great-great-great-grandfathers were divided

From one grandfather to two large groups. These two routes evolved into a variety of species that we see today. Members of the same group were the first version of what we know today as giant monkeys (gorillas, chimpanzees, and bonobos in Africa, orangutans in Asia) (Numbers,); that is, the great modern apes came from this ancestral group. They mainly live in the forest with an arboreal lifestyle, which means they live in trees. Larger monkeys also have four hairs, which means they have four legs on the ground (see Figure). The other group came up the other way. They become land, which means they live in the ground and not in the trees. From being quadruped they turn into bids, which means they move with their two hind legs. Moreover their brain size increases. This is a group that by evolution produced modern humans. Many fossils found in Africa come from species

Called Australopithecus (meaning southern monkey). This species no longer exists, but fossil studies reveal interesting aspects of their adaptation to the earthly way of life.

 

• Drawing - An evolutionary process, showing that great apes and all humans are descended from a common ancestor.

• A Neanderthal statue is a statue made of a skeleton of a fossil.

 

• Drawing - Big Monkeys in nature.

• (above) Arboreal (tree) bursts of orangutans and (below) quadrupedals (four feet) of gorillas and chimpanzees.

Australopithecus afarensis and Lucy

In Ethiopia (East Africa) there is a site called Hadar, where a number of fossils of various species are found. Among those remains was Australopithecus afarensis. In paleoanthropologists, they discovered a complete set of one-of-a-kind genus called The Beatles' song "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds." The whole world found out about Lucy and she was in every newspaper: she became an international celebrity. This little female — almost. m height - lived. millions of years ago. An analysis of his bones (thigh bones) has shown that he used an explosion. Lucy could use arboreal and bipedal locomotion as well, as the bones of one of A.arearensis' feet had a curve equal to that found on the feet of modern humans. The authors of the findings rightly suggested that A.afarensis was only possessed by bipedal and could have been a hunter-gatherer.

Homo habilis, Homo erectus, and Homo neanderthalensis

Homo is a species (species) that includes modern humans, such as us, and our closest ancestors who have passed away. Organisms of the same species produce active offspring. The famous paleoanthropologist Louis Leakey and his team discovered Homo habilis (meaning a man). Homo habilis was one of the oldest forms of Homo ever discovered. Homo habilis originated in Tanzania (East Africa) above. millions of years ago, too. millions of years ago it was extinguished. It was estimated that they were about six feet [0 m] long and were ground. They were different from Australopithecus because of the skull shape. The shape was not piriform (made of pear), but spheroid (round), like the head of a modern man. Homo habilis made stone tools, a symbol of art.

In Asia, eu, Eugene Dubois (also a paleoanthropologist) discovered the first fossil of Homo erectus (meaning an honest man), which emerged. millions of years ago. The fossil received several names. The most famous are Pithecanthropus (monkey-man) and Sinanthropus (Chinese man). Homo erectus originated in East Africa and moved to Asia, where he engraved fine stone tools. Dubois also brought some H erectus period shells from Java to Europe. Modern-day scientists have studied these shells and found drawings dating back to between 1,000 and 0,000 years ago. They concluded that H people. Erectus could express his views using symbols.

Several Homo species emerged following H. erectus and many lived for some time. The best known is Homo neanderthalensis (Illustration), commonly called Neanderthals and is known as the European branch from two separate divisions almost 00,000 years ago, with the second branch (genealogy) Homo sapiens known as the African branch. The first Neanderthal fossils, dating to about 3,000 years ago, were found in La Sima de los Huesos in Spain and are thought to have originated with a common ancestor called Homo heidelbergensis. Neanderthals have used many natural resources in their area: animals, plants, and minerals. Homo neanderthalensis hunted land and sea animals, which required a variety of weapons. Thousands of stone tools from Neanderthal sites are on display in many museums. The Neanderthals made paintings in the cave of La Pasiega in South Spain and adorned their bodies with precious stones and colored paint. Graves were found, meaning they had funerals.

• Illustration - Comparison of Homo sapiens (Human) skulls (left) compared to Homo neanderthalensis (Neanderthal) (right).

• You can see the difference in shape. From Scientific American Vol. , No, Autumn 0 (modified).

Denisovans recently added to the human tree. In 00, the first statue was discovered in a Denisova cave in southwestern Siberia. Very little detail is known about their behavior. They are eligible for further studies due to their association with Neandertals and other Homo species (see below).

Homo sapiens

Recent fossils from Morocco (North Africa) have added to the controversy over the distribution of H. Sapiens after it began, thousands of years ago. The discovery of these fossils could indicate that Homo sapiens visited the whole of Africa. In the same way, the spread of fossils from Africa has shown their migration to different countries. While there is still much debate, ideas focus on one or more spread across the African continent 0,. However, even though the origin of migration to Europe remains controversial, it seems that H.sapiens was present in Israel about 1,000 years ago. Thus, it is possible that migration to Europe did not originate directly from Africa but indirectly through Israeli-Asian settlement. They arrived about six thousand years ago in Europe where Neanderthals already existed (see above). Ancient DNA studies show that H.sapiens had children with Neanderthals and Denisovans. Nowadays people living in Europe and Asia share half and% of their DNA with Neanderthals or Denisovans.

A few thousand years ago H.sapiens was already working on art, such as the cave painting of the cave of Cauvet (, 000 years ago) (Illustration) and the cave of Lascaux (, 000 years ago), both in France. The quality of the paintings shows great artistic ability and intellectual development. Homo sapiens continued to look at the Earth. Crossing the Bering Land Bridge, connecting Siberia with Alaska and moving south, about 00 years ago, to what is now Chile. Homo sapiens gradually placed our colony on the earth (Figure).

• Drawing - Lions in the cave of Cauvet (-, 000 years).

• At this time wild lions were present in Eurasia

•Photo: Bradshaw foundation.com. Notice the live character of the picture.

• Illustration - Homo sapiens traveled around the world at various times as shown on the map.

They only had legs to move!

NEOLITHIC OPENING

Neolithic period means New Age, due to the new stone technology being developed at that time. The Neolithic period began at the end of the glacial period, 00 years ago. There has been a change in the way people live in the Nolithic Age. The ruins of Mesopotamia tell us that the earliest humans lived in the valleys with a large population. With the advent of agriculture, many nomadic hunters became subsistence farmers. Instead of hunting dogs that were accustomed to hunter-gatherers, farmers chose sheep dogs. In the Neolithic period, people farmed and herded, keeping goats and sheep. The Aurochs (extinct wild cattle), depicted in paintings from the cave of Lascaux, are the first ancestors of the domestic cattle we have today. The first crop to grow in Mesopotamia (the historic region of West Asia, located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers) was peas and wheat. Animals and plants were sold and records were kept. The clay tokens were the first money for this transaction. The Neolithic period saw the commercialization, finance, mathematics, and writing (Drawing) of Sumer, a region of Mesopotamia. The birth of writing began in a period we call "history," in which events are recorded and details of major events and daily life can be easily conveyed. This dramatic change in human life can be called the Neolithic Revolution

• Drawing - From the beginning to the final evolution of cuneiform writing.

• Writing in support of argil indicates a change from pictograms to abstract structure. Photo courtesy of the British Museum. Days in the year BC.

CONCLUSION

From the time of Homo erectus, Homo species originated in Africa. Homo sapiens has expanded this global migration. In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, Europeans explored the world. In various lands, explorers are often encountered by strangers. Europeans wondered whether those creatures were humans or not. But in reality, those people were also descendants of men and women who introduced colonial land to the beginning of humanity. In very ancient times, there was a theory that there were several races of people, very dependent on skin color, but this theory was not supported by science. Current DNA research shows that more than seven billion people living on earth today are not of one race or another. There is only one species in the world today, called Homo sapiens.